Physical fitness comprises two related concepts: general fitness (a state of health and well-being) and specific fitness (a task-oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations).

In previous years, fitness was commonly defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue. However, as automation increased leisure time, changes in lifestyles following the industrial revolution rendered this definition insufficient. These days, physical fitness is considered a measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.

Accordingly, a general-purpose physical fitness program must address the following essentials: Cardiovascular Fitness
Flexibility Training
Strength Training
Muscular Endurance
Body Composition
General Skill Training

Main Workout Area
Most health clubs have a main workout area, which primarily consists of free weights like dumbbells and barbells and exercise machines. This area often include mirrors, so that exercisers can check and maintain correct posture during their workout.

Cardio Area/Theatre
Cardio theatre including treadmills, stationary bikes and tv displaysA cardio theatre or cardio area includes many types of cardiovascular training-related equipment is located. This equipment usually consists of rowing machines, stationary exercise bikes, elliptical trainers and treadmills. These areas often include a number of audio-visual displays (either integrated into the equipment, or placed on walls around the area itself) in order to keep exercisers entertained during long cardio workout sessions.

Group Exercise Classes
Most newer health clubs offer group exercise classes that are run throughout the week by qualified fitness instructors. Many types of group exercise classes exist, but generally these include classes based on aerobics, cycling (spin cycle), boxing, high intensity, yoga, pilates and muscle training. Health clubs with swimming pools often offer aqua aerobics classes.